Persistent back stiffness that worsens during rest may be more than ordinary back pain. Doctors warn that it could indicate ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that primarily affects the spine and sacroiliac joints connecting the lower back and pelvis.
Unlike common spondylitis caused by age-related wear and tear, ankylosing spondylitis often begins between the ages of 15 and 30. One of its hallmark symptoms is severe stiffness in the lower back and hips after waking up, which may last for 30 minutes or longer. Interestingly, the pain often improves with movement but becomes worse during prolonged rest or inactivity.
As the disease progresses, inflammation can cause the vertebrae to fuse together, reducing spinal flexibility and making everyday movements increasingly difficult. Patients may struggle to bend forward, stand upright, or walk comfortably. In advanced cases, the hips and chest joints can also become affected.
The condition is not limited to the spine. Many patients develop inflammation in the eyes, leading to redness, pain, swelling, blurred vision, and sensitivity to light. Some may also experience heel pain, chest discomfort, or abdominal symptoms.
Researchers have identified a strong genetic link, particularly involving the HLA-B27 gene. Studies show that approximately 90–95% of people diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis carry this genetic marker, although not everyone with the gene develops the disease.
Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to control inflammation, preserve mobility, and prevent permanent spinal damage. Anyone experiencing prolonged morning stiffness, persistent lower back pain, or recurring eye inflammation should seek prompt medical evaluation rather than dismissing the symptoms as routine muscle strain.
